openSNP | rs9939609

Links to SNPedia

Title	Summary
rs9939609 A/T	1.3x risk for t2d; obesity risk
rs9939609 T/T	Lower risk of obesity and type-2 diabetes
rs9939609 A/A	Obesity risk and 1.6x risk for t2d

Note: For some SNPs, testing providers detect the genotype from the opposite strand of DNA, so that the genotypes listed on openSNP don't appear here. In those cases, please replace "A" by "T" or "G" by "C" (and vice-versa).

Publications on this SNP on the Public Library of Science:

First Author	Title	Year of Publication	# of readers
Steven Haney	RNAi Screening in Primary Human Hepatocytes of Genes Implicated in Genome-Wide Association Studies for Roles in Type 2 Diabetes Identifies Roles for CAMK1D and CDKAL1, among Others, in Hepatic Glucose Regulation	2013	4518
David Albuquerque	Association of FTO Polymorphisms with Obesity and Obesity-Related Outcomes in Portuguese Children	2013	3451
Xinyu Tang	Maternal Obesity and Tobacco Use Modify the Impact of Genetic Variants on the Occurrence of Conotruncal Heart Defects	2014	1425
Esther Zimmermann	Influences of the Common FTO rs9939609 Variant on Inflammatory Markers Throughout a Broad Range of Body Mass Index	2011	2363
Amy E. Taylor	Stratification by Smoking Status Reveals an Association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 Genotype with Body Mass Index in Never Smokers	2014	3902
Vesna Boraska	Genome-Wide Association Study to Identify Common Variants Associated with Brachial Circumference: A Meta-Analysis of 14 Cohorts	2012	6775
Paul T. Williams	Attenuating Effect of Vigorous Physical Activity on the Risk for Inherited Obesity: A Study of 47,691 Runners	2012	4080
Vanni Caruso	Early Hypothalamic FTO Overexpression in Response to Maternal Obesity – Potential Contribution to Postweaning Hyperphagia	2011	3052
Pawel K. Olszewski	Neurobeachin, a Regulator of Synaptic Protein Targeting, Is Associated with Body Fat Mass and Feeding Behavior in Mice and Body-Mass Index in Humans	2012	5511
Fabio Lauria	Prospective Analysis of the Association of a Common Variant of FTO (rs9939609) with Adiposity in Children: Results of the IDEFICS Study	2012	2205
Yi-Chun Loraine Tung	Hypothalamic-Specific Manipulation of Fto, the Ortholog of the Human Obesity Gene FTO, Affects Food Intake in Rats	2010	7647
Daniela Friebe	Impact of Metabolic Regulators on the Expression of the Obesity Associated Genes FTO and NAMPT in Human Preadipocytes and Adipocytes	2011	5223
Galina Lurie	The Obesity-Associated Polymorphisms FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313 and Endometrial Cancer Risk in Non-Hispanic White Women	2011	4420
Christopher G. Bell	Integrated Genetic and Epigenetic Analysis Identifies Haplotype-Specific Methylation in the FTO Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Susceptibility Locus	2010	20501
Benjamin Rokholm	Increased Genetic Variance of BMI with a Higher Prevalence of Obesity	2011	4215
Zhixiang Zhu	Development of GMDR-GPU for Gene-Gene Interaction Analysis and Its Application to WTCCC GWAS Data for Type 2 Diabetes	2013	4435
Xianwen Shang	Dietary Pattern and Its Association with the Prevalence of Obesity and Related Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Chinese Children	2012	5854
Ulrike Peters	A Systematic Mapping Approach of 16q12.2/FTO and BMI in More Than 20,000 African Americans Narrows in on the Underlying Functional Variation: Results from the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study	2013	6943
Xianli Cai	Association between Fat Mass- and Obesity- Associated (FTO) Gene Polymorphism and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis	2014	2879
Junqing Wu	Association of FTO Polymorphisms with Obesity and Metabolic Parameters in Han Chinese Adolescents	2014	2595
Børge G. Nordestgaard	The Effect of Elevated Body Mass Index on Ischemic Heart Disease Risk: Causal Estimates from a Mendelian Randomisation Approach	2012	18106
Reedik Mägi	Contribution of 32 GWAS-Identified Common Variants to Severe Obesity in European Adults Referred for Bariatric Surgery	2013	4094
José L. Santos	Allelic Variants of Melanocortin 3 Receptor Gene (MC3R) and Weight Loss in Obesity: A Randomised Trial of Hypo-Energetic High- versus Low-Fat Diets	2011	4379
Andreas Beyerlein	Genetic Markers of Obesity Risk: Stronger Associations with Body Composition in Overweight Compared to Normal-Weight Children	2011	5262
Celeste E. Naude	Low Carbohydrate versus Isoenergetic Balanced Diets for Reducing Weight and Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	2014	40103
Chibo Liu	FTO Gene Variant and Risk of Overweight and Obesity among Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	2013	6121
Jianjin Guo	Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO) Expression Is Regulated Negatively by the Transcription Factor Foxa2	2012	4340
Xuanshi Liu	Signatures of Natural Selection at the FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity Associated) Locus in Human Populations	2015	2319
Xue Gao	The Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene FTO Functions in the Brain to Regulate Postnatal Growth in Mice	2010	7320
Nancy L. Heard-Costa	NRXN3 Is a Novel Locus for Waist Circumference: A Genome-Wide Association Study from the CHARGE Consortium	2009	12820
Struan F. A. Grant	Association Analysis of the FTO Gene with Obesity in Children of Caucasian and African Ancestry Reveals a Common Tagging SNP	2008	12062
Antti Huuskonen	Aerobic Fitness Does Not Modify the Effect of FTO Variation on Body Composition Traits	2012	4339
Fleur P. Velders	FTO at rs9939609, Food Responsiveness, Emotional Control and Symptoms of ADHD in Preschool Children	2012	2640
Benjamin Rokholm	Increasing Genetic Variance of Body Mass Index during the Swedish Obesity Epidemic	2011	2708
Sebastian Okser	Genetic Variants and Their Interactions in the Prediction of Increased Pre-Clinical Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study	2010	8490
Sofia I. I. Kring	FTO Gene Associated Fatness in Relation to Body Fat Distribution and Metabolic Traits throughout a Broad Range of Fatness	2008	4408
Laura Johnson	Dietary Energy Density Affects Fat Mass in Early Adolescence and Is Not Modified by FTO Variants	2009	6059
Peter Würtz	Metabolic Signatures of Adiposity in Young Adults: Mendelian Randomization Analysis and Effects of Weight Change	2014	18512
James S. McTaggart	FTO Is Expressed in Neurones throughout the Brain and Its Expression Is Unaltered by Fasting	2011	3750
Esther Zimmermann	Fatness-Associated FTO Gene Variant Increases Mortality Independent of Fatness – in Cohorts of Danish Men	2009	3186
Ulla Sovio	Association between Common Variation at the FTO Locus and Changes in Body Mass Index from Infancy to Late Childhood: The Complex Nature of Genetic Association through Growth and Development	2011	7968
Fiona McMurray	Adult Onset Global Loss of the Fto Gene Alters Body Composition and Metabolism in the Mouse	2013	9461
Sarah J. Lewis	Associations between an Obesity Related Genetic Variant (FTO rs9939609) and Prostate Cancer Risk	2010	3362
Sebastian Haller	Polymorphisms in FTO and MAF Genes and Birth Weight, BMI, Ponderal Index, Weight Gain in a Large Cohort of Infants with a Birth Weight below 1500 Grams	2013	1086
Jingwen Zhu	Associations of Genetic Risk Score with Obesity and Related Traits and the Modifying Effect of Physical Activity in a Chinese Han Population	2014	2808
Josefin A. Jacobsson	Detailed Analysis of Variants in FTO in Association with Body Composition in a Cohort of 70-Year-Olds Suggests a Weakened Effect among Elderly	2011	2282
John R. B. Perry	Stratifying Type 2 Diabetes Cases by BMI Identifies Genetic Risk Variants in LAMA1 and Enrichment for Risk Variants in Lean Compared to Obese Cases	2012	19233
Yuhong Xu	Metabolic Syndrome Risk after Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	2014	6169
Nicole M. Warrington	Association of a Body Mass Index Genetic Risk Score with Growth throughout Childhood and Adolescence	2013	3006
Ching-Yu Cheng	Admixture Mapping of 15,280 African Americans Identifies Obesity Susceptibility Loci on Chromosomes 5 and X	2009	10219
Shengxu Li	Physical Activity Attenuates the Genetic Predisposition to Obesity in 20,000 Men and Women from EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study	2010	33172
Desmond D. Campbell	Amerind Ancestry, Socioeconomic Status and the Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes in a Colombian Population	2012	5756
Tove Fall	The Role of Adiposity in Cardiometabolic Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis	2013	15673
Bo Xi	Association between Common Polymorphism near the MC4R Gene and Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	2012	6144
Li-Jun Tan	Replication of 6 Obesity Genes in a Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies from Diverse Ancestries	2014	4826
Katarzyna Linder	Allele Summation of Diabetes Risk Genes Predicts Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Female and Obese Individuals	2012	3246
Meixian Zhang	Age- and Sex-Dependent Association between FTO rs9939609 and Obesity-Related Traits in Chinese Children and Adolescents	2014	2210
Yue Shen	GCKR Variants Increase Triglycerides While Protecting from Insulin Resistance in Chinese Children	2013	1947
Gaurav Garg	Variation in the MC4R Gene Is Associated with Bone Phenotypes in Elderly Swedish Women	2014	1720
Jennifer K. Lowe	Genome-Wide Association Studies in an Isolated Founder Population from the Pacific Island of Kosrae	2009	12839
Yi Song	Secular Trends of Obesity Prevalence in Urban Chinese Children from 1985 to 2010: Gender Disparity	2013	3858
Anke Hinney	Genome Wide Association (GWA) Study for Early Onset Extreme Obesity Supports the Role of Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO) Variants	2007	24123
Kathryn G. Ewens	FTO and MC4R Gene Variants Are Associated with Obesity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	2011	7106
Yvonne V. Louwers	BMI-Associated Alleles Do Not Constitute Risk Alleles for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Independently of BMI: A Case-Control Study	2014	2133
Cathy E. Elks	Genetic Markers of Adult Obesity Risk Are Associated with Greater Early Infancy Weight Gain and Growth	2010	18771
Angelo Scuteri	Genome-Wide Association Scan Shows Genetic Variants in the FTO Gene Are Associated with Obesity-Related Traits	2007	48418
Kathrin Ikels	FTO Is a Relevant Factor for the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome in Mice	2014	1573
Shafat Ali	Replication of Type 2 Diabetes Candidate Genes Variations in Three Geographically Unrelated Indian Population Groups	2013	4216
Paul T. Williams	Quantile-Specific Penetrance of Genes Affecting Lipoproteins, Adiposity and Height	2012	2409
Andrea Ganna	Utilizing Twins as Controls for Non-Twin Case-Materials in Genome Wide Association Studies	2013	2527
Qi Zhao	Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Replication Analyses of Genome-Wide Association Loci of Type 2 Diabetes in Han Chinese	2014	2631
Shafqat Ahmad	Gene × Physical Activity Interactions in Obesity: Combined Analysis of 111,421 Individuals of European Ancestry	2013	15014
Sven Knüppel	Evaluation of 41 Candidate Gene Variants for Obesity in the EPIC-Potsdam Cohort by Multi-Locus Stepwise Regression	2013	3216
Timo D. Müller	Emerging Function of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein (Fto)	2013	9586
Koenraad Frans Cuypers	Obesity-Susceptibility Loci and Their Influence on Adiposity-Related Traits in Transition from Adolescence to Adulthood - The HUNT Study	2012	2248
Bamidele O. Tayo	Genetic Background of Patients from a University Medical Center in Manhattan: Implications for Personalized Medicine	2011	4856
Hui Cai	Prevalence and Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome among Women in Chinese Rural Areas	2012	5020
Koichi Akiyama	Systematic Fine-Mapping of Association with BMI and Type 2 Diabetes at the FTO Locus by Integrating Results from Multiple Ethnic Groups	2014	2526
J. Lennert Veerman	On the Futility of Screening for Genes That Make You Fat	2011	9642
Min Xu	Combined Effects of 19 Common Variations on Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese: Results from Two Community-Based Studies	2010	5222
Dolores Corella	Statistical and Biological Gene-Lifestyle Interactions of MC4R and FTO with Diet and Physical Activity on Obesity: New Effects on Alcohol Consumption	2012	4462
Mirko Manchia	The Impact of Phenotypic and Genetic Heterogeneity on Results of Genome Wide Association Studies of Complex Diseases	2013	4330
Camilla H. Andreasen	Non-Replication of Genome-Wide Based Associations between Common Variants in INSIG2 and PFKP and Obesity in Studies of 18,014 Danes	2008	3677
Ge Zhang	Common SNPs in FTO Gene Are Associated with Obesity Related Anthropometric Traits in an Island Population from the Eastern Adriatic Coast of Croatia	2010	4926
Chibo Liu	The FTO Gene rs9939609 Polymorphism Predicts Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	2013	4760
Marie Louise Max Andersen	Complex Multi-Block Analysis Identifies New Immunologic and Genetic Disease Progression Patterns Associated with the Residual β-Cell Function 1 Year after Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes	2013	2989
Nir Eynon	The FTO A/T Polymorphism and Elite Athletic Performance: A Study Involving Three Groups of European Athletes	2013	3795
Yuyang Xu	Rs7206790 and rs11644943 in FTO Gene Are Associated with Risk of Obesity in Chinese School-Age Population	2014	1704
Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen	Physical Activity Attenuates the Influence of FTO Variants on Obesity Risk: A Meta-Analysis of 218,166 Adults and 19,268 Children	2011	38620
Birgit-Christiane Zyriax	The Association of Genetic Markers for Type 2 Diabetes with Prediabetic Status - Cross-Sectional Data of a Diabetes Prevention Trial	2013	4027
Om Prakash Dwivedi	Common Variants of FTO Are Associated with Childhood Obesity in a Cross-Sectional Study of 3,126 Urban Indian Children	2012	2844
Christiane Reitz	Genetic Variants in the Fat and Obesity Associated (FTO) Gene and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease	2012	5068
Paola León-Mimila	Contribution of Common Genetic Variants to Obesity and Obesity-Related Traits in Mexican Children and Adults	2013	8826
Jan Bressler	Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Is Differentially Associated with Variation in FTO in Whites and African-Americans in the ARIC Study	2010	6264
Tadashi Okamura	Deletion of CDKAL1 Affects High-Fat Diet–Induced Fat Accumulation and Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Mice, Indicating Relevance to Diabetes	2012	3778
Maggie C. Y. Ng	Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies in African Americans Provides Insights into the Genetic Architecture of Type 2 Diabetes	2014	11650
Tanja Stocks	TFAP2B Influences the Effect of Dietary Fat on Weight Loss under Energy Restriction	2012	4269
Anne Jääskeläinen	Meal Frequencies Modify the Effect of Common Genetic Variants on Body Mass Index in Adolescents of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986	2013	6359
Tao Li	Common Variant rs9939609 in Gene FTO Confers Risk to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	2013	2452
Ryan T. Pitman	Knockdown of the Fat Mass and Obesity Gene Disrupts Cellular Energy Balance in a Cell-Type Specific Manner	2012	3923

Publications on this SNP on Mendeley

First Author	Title	Pub. Year	# of Readers	DOI
A K Baturin	The study of polymorphism rs9939609 FTO gene in patients with overweight and obesity	2011	2	-
Christian Benedict	The fat mass and obesity gene is linked to reduced verbal fluency in overweight and obese elderly men	2011	13	10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.02.006
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff	The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating12345	2009	9	10.3945/ajcn.2009.28439
John R Speakman	FTO effect on energy demand versus food intake.	2010	18	-
Efthimia Karra	A link between FTO, ghrelin, and impaired brain food-cue responsivity.	2013	46	10.1172/JCI44403
Tara Rendo	Effects of the FTO gene on lifestyle intervention studies in children.	2009	0
Dominick J. Lemas	Obesity polymorphisms identified in genome-wide association studies interact with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and modify the genetic association with adiposity phenotypes in Yup'ik people.	2013	4	10.1007/s12263-013-0340-z
Galina Lurie	The obesity-associated polymorphisms FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313 and endometrial cancer risk in non-Hispanic white women.	2011	1	-
Gaifen Liu	FTO variant rs9939609 is associated with body mass index and waist circumference, but not with energy intake or physical activity in European- and African-American youth.	2010	15	10.1186/1471-2350-11-57
A E Taylor	Associations of FTO and MC4R Variants with Obesity Traits in Indians and the Role of Rural/Urban Environment as a Possible Effect Modifier	2011	8	10.1155/2011/307542
T. Lappalainen	Association of the FTO gene variant (rs9939609) with cardiovascular disease in men with abnormal glucose metabolism - The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study	2011	5	10.1016/j.numecd.2010.01.006
Harald Mangge	Rs9939609 variant of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene and trunk obesity in adolescents.	2011	16	10.1155/2011/186368
Ineta Kalnina	Polymorphisms in FTO and near TMEM18 associate with type 2 diabetes and predispose to younger age at diagnosis of diabetes.	2013	1	10.1016/j.gene.2013.06.079
D a de Luis	[Relation of the rs9939609 gene variant in FTO with cardiovascular risk factor and serum adipokine levels in morbid obese patients].	2012	4	10.3305/nh.2012.27.4.5851
Armand Peeters	Variants in the FTO gene are associated with common obesity in the Belgian population	2008	12	10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.10.011
B Pyrzak	Relation of fat-mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphism to fat mass content and body mass index in obese children	2013	1	10.1007/978-94-007-4549-0_32
L G Grunnet	Regulation and function of FTO mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue	2009	2	db09-0205 [pii]\r10.2337/db09-0205 [doi]
D O Mook-Kanamori	No association of obesity gene FTO with body composition at the age of 6 months. The Generation R Study.	2011	7	10.3275/7075
C M Povel	Genetic variants and the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review	2011	1	10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00907.x
X Li	A genetic variation in the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene is associated with obesity and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.	2010	1
D. Corella	Education modulates the association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with body mass index and obesity risk in the Mediterranean population	2012	8	10.1016/j.numecd.2010.10.006
J Wardle	The FTO gene and measured food intake in children.	2009	28	10.1038/ijo.2008.174
S D Rees	An FTO variant is associated with Type 2 diabetes in South Asian populations after accounting for body mass index and waist circumference	2011	1	-
K Grau	Macronutrient-specific effect of FTO rs9939609 in response to a 10-week randomized hypo-energetic diet among obese Europeans.	2009	0
Scott A Lear	Associations of the FTO rs9939609 variant with discrete body fat depots and dietary intake in a multi-ethnic cohort.	2011	6	10.1017/S001667231100036X
E Tarabra	The obesity gene and colorectal cancer risk: a population study in Northern Italy	2012	1	S0953-6205(11)00156-7 [pii]\n10.1016/j.ejim.2011.07.011
M Tercjak-Rećko	[Polymorphism rs9939609 of FTO gene is related to the body mass index in children from Podlaskie voievodship]	2012	3
Timo D Müller	Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in eating disorders: evidence for association of the rs9939609 obesity risk allele with bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa.	2012	2	10.1159/000340057
Benilde Riffo	FTO gene is related to obesity in Chilean Amerindian children and impairs HOMA-IR in prepubertal girls.	2011	3	10.1111/j.1399-5448.2011.00834.x
aaaa	aaaa Изучение полиморфизма rs 9939609 гена FTO у лиц с избыточной массой тела и ожирением	2011	1	-
W Luczynski	The association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with obesity and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Polish children.	2012	4
Hye J. Lee	Effects of common FTO gene variants associated with BMI on dietary intake and physical activity in Koreans	2010	9	10.1016/j.cca.2010.07.010
Robert Mai	The Leader as Communicator: Strategies and Tactics to Build Loyalty, Focus Effort, and Spark Creativity	2003	4	10.1088/0953-8984/22/30/305001
Pyrzak B.	The association of rs9939609 variant of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene with BMI in children	2011	2
S. F A Grant	Association analysis of the FTO gene with obesity in children of Caucasian and African ancestry reveals a common tagging SNP	2008	31	10.1371/journal.pone.0001746
J Bressler	Fat mass and obesity gene and cognitive decline: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study	2013	1	10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182768910
Xiangyang Li	A genetic variation in the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene is associated with obesity and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.	2010	1	10.1002/dmrr.1066
T Jess	Impact on weight dynamics and general growth of the common FTO rs9939609: a longitudinal Danish cohort study.	2008	6	-
Tiina Lappalainen	Association of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variant (rs9939609) with dietary intake in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study.	2012	14	10.1017/S0007114511007410
Vesna Boraska	Genome-wide association study to identify common variants associated with brachial circumference: a meta-analysis of 14 cohorts.	2012	0	10.1371/journal.pone.0031369
Gaifen Liu	FTO variant rs9939609 is associated with body mass index and waist circumference, but not with energy intake or physical activity in European- and African-American youth	2010	13	10.1186/1471-2350-11-57
Catherine M Phillips	High Dietary Saturated Fat Intake Accentuates Obesity Risk Associated with the Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene in Adults 1 – 3	2012	3	10.3945/jn.111.153460
Adriana Moleres	Dietary fatty acid distribution modifies obesity risk linked to the rs9939609 polymorphism of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene in a Spanish case-control study of children.	2012	6	10.1017/S0007114511003424
Yi-Cheng Chang	Common Variation in the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Gene Confers Risk of Obesity and Modulates BMI in the Chinese Population	2008	21	10.2337/db08-0377
Hannah R Elliott	Migration and DNA methylation: a comparison of methylation patterns in type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes between indians and europeans	2013	3	10.7243/2050-0866-2-6
T D Müller	Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in eating disorders: evidence for association of the rs9939609 obesity risk allele with bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa	2012	2	000340057 [pii]\n10.1159/000340057
Husted L B	GWAS identified genetic variants for diabetes are also associated with risk of osteoporotic fractures and changes in BMD	2009	2	-
Cheng H Shen Y Chandak GR Zhao X Et Al Xi B	Study of 11 BMI-Associated Loci Identified in GWAS for Associations with Central Obesity in the Chinese Children	2013	5	10.1371/journal.pone.0056472
Joanne E Cecil	An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children.	2008	49	10.1056/NEJMoa0803839
M Tanofsky-Kraff	The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating	2009	0
Nicholas J Timpson	The fat mass- and obesity-associated locus and dietary intake in children.	2008	19	-
J Wardle	The FTO gene and measured food intake in children.	2009	0
Tove Fall	The role of adiposity in cardiometabolic traits: a mendelian randomization analysis.	2013	5	10.1371/journal.pmed.1001474
S. J. Lye	Fat mass and obesity-associated obesity-risk genotype is associated with lower foetal growth: an effect that is reversed in the offspring of smoking mothers	2012	2	10.1017/S2040174411000638
Tiina J Lappalainen	The common variant in the FTO gene did not modify the effect of lifestyle changes on body weight: the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study.	2009	11	-
X Li	A genetic variation in the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene is associated with obesity and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population	2010	1
Marika Kaakinen	Life-course analysis of a fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variant and body mass index in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 using structural equation modeling.	2010	22	10.1093/aje/kwq178
Saila Lappalainen	Genetic variation of FTO and TCF7L2 in premature adrenarche	2009	8	10.1016/j.metabol.2009.03.025
S D Rees	An FTO variant is associated with Type 2 diabetes in South Asian populations after accounting for body mass index and waist circumference.	2011	2	10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03257.x
Jan Bressler	Fat mass and obesity gene and cognitive decline: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.	2013	1	10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182768910
Daniel Antonio De Luis	Relation of the rs9939609 gene variant in FTO with metabolic syndrome in obese female patients.	2013	1	10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.02.003
Camilla H. Andreasen	Non-replication of genome-wide based associations between common variants in INSIG2 and PFKP and obesity in studies of 18,014 danes	2008	10	10.1371/journal.pone.0002872
Soňa Mačeková	Association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with obesity in Roma/Gypsy population.	2012	32	10.1002/ajpa.21604
Fabio Lauria	Prospective analysis of the association of a common variant of FTO (rs9939609) with adiposity in children: results of the IDEFICS study.	2012	3	10.1371/journal.pone.0048876
Barbara H Lourenço	FTO genotype, vitamin D status, and weight gain during childhood.	2014	4	10.2337/db13-1290
Timo D. M??ller	Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in eating disorders: Evidence for association of the rs9939609 obesity risk allele with Bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa	2012	6	10.1159/000340057
Lei Liu	A polymorphism at the 3'-UTR region of the aromatase gene is associated with the efficacy of the aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole, in metastatic breast carcinoma.	2013	1	10.3390/ijms140918973
Femke Rutters	Associations between a single nucleotide polymorphism of the FTO Gene (rs9939609) and obesity-related characteristics over time during puberty in a Dutch children cohort.	2011	11	10.1210/jc.2010-2413
Shigeru Karasawa	Association of the common fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene polymorphism with obesity in a Japanese population.	2010	13	10.1507/endocrj.K09E-305
Nuananong Seal	Correlates of the FTO Gene Variant (rs9939609) and Growth of American Indian Infants.	2011	1	-
N L Nock	Modeling Genetic and Environmental Factors in Biological Systems Using Structural Equation Modeling: An Application to Energy Balance	2009	1	-
Taraneh Abarin	The impact of breastfeeding on FTO-related BMI growth trajectories: an application to the Raine pregnancy cohort study.	2012	7	10.1093/ije/dys171
Amanda F Marvelle	Association of FTO With Obesity-Related Traits in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS) Cohort	2008	5	10.2337/db07-1700
Min Li	Association of the rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene with overweight or obesity in Hazakh children	2010	0
Esther Zimmermann	Influences of the common FTO rs9939609 variant on inflammatory markers throughout a broad range of body mass index	2011	14	10.1371/journal.pone.0015958
Shin-Ya Watanabe	Association Study of Fat-mass and Obesity-associated Gene and Body Mass Index in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia and Healthy Subjects	2012	1	-
Dominick J Lemas	Obesity polymorphisms identified in genome-wide association studies interact with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and modify the genetic association with adiposity phenotypes in Yup'ik people.	2013	6	10.1007/s12263-013-0340-z
Rosario Liguori	The FTO gene polymorphism (rs9939609) is associated with metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese subjects from southern Italy.	2014	1	10.1016/j.mcp.2014.03.004
Camilla H Andreasen	Low physical activity accentuates the effect of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on body fat accumulation.	2008	35	10.2337/db07-0910
Harald Mangge	Rs9939609 Variant of the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene and Trunk Obesity in Adolescents	2011	12	10.1155/2011/186368
Rocio Perez-Iglesias	Effect of FTO, SH2B1, LEP, and LEPR Polymorphisms on Weight Gain Associated With Antipsychotic Treatment	2010	1	-
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff	The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating.	2009	29	10.3945/ajcn.2009.28439
T Jess	Impact on weight dynamics and general growth of the common FTO rs9939609: a longitudinal Danish cohort study.	2008	8	10.1038/ijo.2008.110
Qun Yan	Association of the common rs9939609 variant of FTO gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women.	2009	5	10.1007/s12020-009-9257-0
Benilde Riffo	FTO gene is related to obesity in Chilean Amerindian children and impairs HOMA-IR in prepubertal girls.	2012	3	10.1111/j.1399-5448.2011.00834.x
Fabio Lauria	Prospective analysis of the association of a common variant of FTO (rs9939609) with adiposity in children: results of the IDEFICS study.	2012	4	10.1371/journal.pone.0048876
Josefin A Jacobsson	Detailed Analysis of Variants in FTO in Association with Body Composition in a Cohort of 70-Year-Olds Suggests a Weakened Effect among Elderly	2011	8	10.1371/journal.pone.0020158
Lu Qi	Fat Mass–and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Gene Variant Is Associated With Obesity	2008	10	10.2337/db08-0006
Laurence S Lim	Relation of age-related cataract with obesity and obesity genes in an Asian population.	2009	7	10.1093/aje/kwp045
Tiina J Lappalainen	The common variant in the FTO gene did not modify the effect of lifestyle changes on body weight: the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study.	2009	12	10.1038/oby.2008.618
Rocio Perez-Iglesias	Effect of FTO, SH2B1, LEP, and LEPR polymorphisms on weight gain associated with antipsychotic treatment.	2010	13	10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181fae248
Ph.D. Joanne E. Cecil, Ph.D., Roger Tavendale, Ph.D., Peter Watt, Ph.D., Marion M. Hetherington, Ph.D., and Colin N.A. Palmer	An Obesity-Associated	2008	1
Yi-Chun Loraine Tung	From GWAS to biology: lessons from FTO.	2011	35	10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05903.x
Nicholas J Timpson	Does greater adiposity increase blood pressure and hypertension risk?: Mendelian randomization using the FTO/MC4R genotype.	2009	0	10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130005
Kerstin Wåhlén	The common rs9939609 gene variant of the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene FTO is related to fat cell lipolysis.	2008	18	-
Philip J Lupo	Diabetes and obesity-related genes and the risk of neural tube defects in the national birth defects prevention study.	2012	7	10.1093/aje/kws190
Tom M Palmer	Association of plasma uric acid with ischaemic heart disease and blood pressure: mendelian randomisation analysis of two large cohorts.	2013	24	10.1136/bmj.f4262
Lina Keller	The obesity related gene, FTO, interacts with APOE, and is associated with Alzheimer's disease risk: a prospective cohort study.	2011	10	10.3233/JAD-2010-101068
Dolores Corella	Statistical and Biological Gene-Lifestyle Interactions of MC4R and FTO with Diet and Physical Activity on Obesity: New Effects on Alcohol Consumption	2012	12	10.1371/journal.pone.0052344
P Wojciechowski	Impact of FTO genotypes on weight and body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis	2012	1

Evidence compiled by the Personal Genome Project

There are no results from the Personal Genome Project yet. Please come back later.

Publications listed by Genome.gov

First Author	Title	Journal	Publication Date	Trait	p-value	Confidence Interval
Willer CJ	Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation.	Nat Genet	12/14/2008	Body mass index	4.0e-51	[0.27-0.39] kg/m2 increase
Perry JR	Stratifying type 2 diabetes cases by BMI identifies genetic risk variants in LAMA1 and enrichment for risk variants in lean compared to obese cases.	PLoS Genet	05/31/2012	Type 2 diabetes	1.0e-20 (Obese)	[1.19-1.30]
Frayling TM	A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity.	Science	04/12/2007	Body mass index	2.0e-20	[NR] kg/m2 per copy in adults

Users who share this SNP:

Philipp Bayer

Interesting paper

03.11.2011 06:46

http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001116 states that the risk for obesity related to this SNP can be attenuated by roughly 30% if people carrying it regularly exercise.

mike

far from being obese, hehe.

13.07.2012 00:13

Im 1.3 risk though

mike

IM VERY SKINNY

09.09.2012 00:52

I have Heteroziguotous though Skinny (very)

I'm very skinny also.

24.08.2016 14:09

Same here Mike

ckova

T/T

18.04.2018 09:07

I am T/T very thin 5'8 tall and only 108 lbs all my adult life outside of pregnancy (age 37 now) cant gain weight no matter how much I eat.

perelgut

I'm TT and obese

05.06.2019 14:20

I wonder what other factor is involved...

Deleted User

A/T

30.05.2020 03:39

I'm an A/T adult that has never reached a weight of 90lbs. I've always been below. My BMI is roughly around 14.7 to15.3. There is definitely more at play canceling the 1.3x obesity risk out for me. Likely a metabolic issue as I fall on the other dangerous end of the spectrum despite having a regular food intake. My doctor and I have tried everything.

Deleted User

30.05.2020 03:48

@#49@#49

*canceling the obesity risk. Didn't mean to put in 1.3x, it's late.

23andmere

18.06.2020 20:13

Not Obese or T2D myself but am A/A (1.6x risk), and this matches family history on mother's side. High prevalence of both.

Haycostbitt

03.02.2024 10:46

I have the TT genotype

Name	rs9939609
Chromosome	16
Position	53786615
Weight of evidence	728

SNP rs9939609

Basic Information

Genotype Frequency

Allele Frequency

Additional Information